Heterogeneous catalytic system for biofuel generation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51798/sijis.v3i2.359Keywords:
Frying oil; Transesterification; Heterogeneous catalysis; Biodiesel; Vanadyl phosphateAbstract
The utilization of used frying oil (AFU) as an eco-sustainable and economic resource constitutes a viable and technically feasible strategy at the meso and macro scale for R&D programs in universities and in the implementation of policies for the use of waste with high added value. The AFU from some gastronomic centers in the city of Esmeraldas was used as raw material to obtain biofuel (biodiesel) via trans-esterification under heterogeneous catalytic conditions. Vanadyl phosphate (VOPO4) synthesized from depleted divanadium pentoxide from sulfuric acid synthesis was used as a catalyst for the process. To obtain biodiesel, pre-treatment processes were applied to the raw materials to eliminate solids and reduce moisture and acidity indexes; combustion in microwave ovens, calcination and sonochemical synthesis to obtain the catalyst. Using frying oil, vanadyl phosphate and methanol in a micro-reactor, at 115 °C and with 3% catalyst, biodiesel was obtained with satisfactory characteristics and yield. The optimum conditions determined for the trans-esterification process were: oil/methanol molar ratio of 1:12.83 and 4.85 hours of reaction.
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